iTapuih.com - The Orangutan dan 30 Soal Report Text. Secara detail, teks ini menjelaskan tentang klasifikasi ilmiah Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus untuk Orangutan Kalimantan dan Pongo abelii untuk Orangutan Sumatera), status konservasi mereka yang kritis terancam punah, hubungan kekerabatan dekat mereka dengan manusia, ciri fisik mereka seperti warna bulu, lengan yang panjang dan kuat, ukuran tubuh yang berbeda antara jantan dan betina, serta kantung tenggorokan pada jantan.
A. Read the following text to answer question below!
The orangutan, scientifically known as Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean orangutan) and Pongo abelii (Sumatran orangutan), is a critically endangered great ape species native to Indonesia. Orangutans belong to the family Hominidae and are one of the closest living relatives to humans, sharing approximately 97% of their DNA.
Orangutans are characterized by their distinctive reddish-brown fur, which provides excellent camouflage in the dense rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra where they reside. They have long, powerful arms that span up to 2 meters (6.6 feet) in length, which they use for swinging from tree to tree—a behavior known as brachiation. Their bodies are covered with coarse hair that helps protect them from the rain and insects of their forest habitat.
Adult male orangutans are larger and heavier than females, with males weighing up to 118 kilograms (260 pounds) and females typically weighing about half as much. They have a bulky body structure, enhanced by a pronounced throat pouch in males that amplifies their calls during mating season and territorial displays.
Orangutans are primarily arboreal, spending most of their time in the trees where they forage for fruits, leaves, bark, and occasionally insects. They are known for their intelligence and use of tools, such as leaves for shelter or sticks to extract insects from tree crevices. Orangutans are solitary animals, with adult males typically leading solitary lives while females and their offspring may occasionally form small groups.
Reproduction in orangutans is slow-paced, with females giving birth to a single offspring only once every 6-8 years. This long interbirth interval, combined with habitat loss due to deforestation and illegal hunting, has led to a significant decline in orangutan populations. Conservation efforts focus on protecting their forest habitats, combating poaching, and raising awareness about the plight of these iconic primates.
Orangutans play a crucial role in their ecosystems as seed dispersers, helping to maintain the biodiversity of their forest homes. Their charismatic appearance and human-like behaviors have made them a symbol of conservation efforts in Indonesia and worldwide, highlighting the need for sustainable practices to ensure their survival for future generations.
1. What is the scientific name of the Bornean orangutan?
A) Pongo pygmaeus
B) Pongo abelii
C) Pongo tapanuliensis
D) Pongo troglodytes
2. Orangutans are native to which countries?
A) Indonesia
B) Malaysia
C) Thailand
D) Both A and B
3. What percentage of DNA do orangutans share with humans?
A) 95%
B) 97%
C) 99%
D) 90%
4. What is the primary color of orangutan fur?
A) Reddish-brown
B) Black
C) Yellow
D) White
5. Which behavior do orangutans exhibit to move through trees?
A) Galloping
B) Brachiation
C) Swimming
D) Hopping
6. What is the typical weight range for adult male orangutans?
A) Up to 50 kilograms (110 pounds)
B) Up to 80 kilograms (176 pounds)
C) Up to 100 kilograms (220 pounds)
D) Up to 150 kilograms (330 pounds)
7. What is the reproductive interval for female orangutans?
A) 2-3 years
B) 4-5 years
C) 6-8 years
D) 10-12 years
8. Orangutans primarily forage for which types of food?
A) Meat and fish
B) Fruits, leaves, and bark
C) Seeds and nuts
D) Insects and spiders
9. Which of the following is a major threat to orangutan populations?
A) Increased awareness and protection
B) Climate change
C) Habitat loss and hunting
D) Introduction of predators
10. What role do orangutans play in their ecosystems?
A) Top predator
B) Seed disperser
C) Pollinator
D) Soil aerator
Kunci Jawaban
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B. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the story!
1. Orangutans are scientifically known as __________ (Bornean orangutan) and __________ (Sumatran orangutan).
2. Orangutans belong to the family __________.
3. Orangutans share approximately __________ of their DNA with humans.
4. Orangutans have long, powerful arms that can span up to __________ in length.
5. Male orangutans have a pronounced throat pouch that amplifies their calls during __________ and territorial displays.
6. Orangutans spend most of their time in the trees, a behavior known as __________.
7. Reproduction in orangutans is slow-paced, with females giving birth to a single offspring once every __________ years.
8. Orangutans primarily forage for fruits, leaves, bark, and occasionally __________.
9. Habitat loss due to __________ and illegal hunting are major threats to orangutan populations.
10. Orangutans play a crucial role in their ecosystems as __________, helping to maintain biodiversity.
Kunci Jawaban
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| No | Word | Synonym |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Critically endangered | distinguished by |
| 2 | Native | disguise |
| 3 | Characterized by | highly endangered |
| 4 | Camouflage | indigenous |
| 5 | Arboreal | variety of life |
| 6 | Forage | young |
| 7 | Solitary | predicament |
| 8 | Offspring | search for |
| 9 | Plight | lonely |
| 10 | Biodiversity | tree-dwelling |
Kunci Jawaban
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